Micro reactor is a commonly used experimental equipment for chemical, biological, pharmaceutical and other fields. During the reaction process, some reaction residues will be produced, and these residues need to be treated to ensure the normal operation of the reactor and the safety of the environment. In this article, we will introduce the treatment method of some reaction residues of micro reactor.
Reaction residues refer to the substances that are not fully involved in the reaction during the chemical reaction, including unreacted raw materials, by-products, catalysts, etc. These substances may affect the effect of the reaction. These substances may affect the effect of the reaction and even cause harm to the environment and human health. Therefore, it is very important to treat the reaction residues properly.
1. Physical methods
Physical method is one of the common methods to treat reaction residues. It mainly includes filtration, distillation, crystallisation and so on:
(1) Filtration: for solid reaction residues, they can be separated from the reaction liquid by filtration. Commonly used filters include sand core filters, membrane filters and so on. When filtering, care should be taken to choose the appropriate pore size so as not to clog the filter.
(2) Distillation: For the volatile reaction residue, it can be separated from the reaction liquid by distillation. The temperature should be controlled during distillation so as not to affect the purity of the product.
(3) Crystallisation: For reaction residues with low solubility, they can be crystallised and precipitated by adding solvent or changing temperature, and then separated by filtration and centrifugation.
2. Chemical method
Chemical method is another common method to deal with reaction residues. It mainly includes acid-base neutralisation, redox, complexation and so on:
(1) Acid-base neutralisation: For acidic or alkaline reaction residues, they can be neutralised by adding appropriate alkali or acid, so that they can be converted into water-soluble or easily separated substances.
(2) Redox: For reaction residues with redox properties, they can be treated by adding oxidising or reducing agents to make them turn into harmless or low-toxic substances.
(3) Complexation: For reaction residues containing heavy metal ions, complexation treatment can be carried out by adding complexing agents to make them form stable complexes and reduce their toxicity and environmental risks.
3. Biological methods
Biological method is a new type of method to treat reaction residues. It mainly includes microbial degradation, enzyme catalysis and so on:
(1) Microbial degradation: using specific microorganisms to degrade harmful reaction residues into harmless or low-toxic substances. This method has the advantages of low cost and good effect, but it requires screening and cultivation of microorganisms.
(2) Enzyme catalysis: The use of enzymes to accelerate the rate of chemical reaction to treat reaction residues is also a new biological method.
Post time: Sep-02-2024